Display apparatus

ABSTRACT

A display apparatus includes a substrate, a wire having an inner edge including first and second portions, a first insulating layer covering a portion of the substrate, and a second insulating layer. The portion of the substrate covered by the first insulating layer is closer to a center of the substrate than the wire, the first insulating layer covers a part of the first portion of the wire and a part of the second portion of the wire, and a first end of the first insulating layer is disposed on the wire. The second insulating layer covers the first insulating layer and has a second end disposed on the wire. A distance between the first end and the second end covering the first portion of the wire is different from a distance between the first end and the second end covering the second portion of the wire.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2018-0062902, filed on May 31, 2018, in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated byreference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Exemplary embodiments relate to a display apparatus, and moreparticularly, to a display apparatus in which occurrence of defects in amanufacturing process is minimized or reduced.

DISCUSSION OF THE RELATED ART

In general, a display apparatus has a display area in which a pluralityof pixels are arranged. Wires are positioned in a peripheral areaoutside of the display area, and transmit an electrical signal to beapplied to the pixels in the display area or a circuit portionpositioned outside of the display area. To manufacture the displayapparatus, a process of forming various wires and insulating layers isperformed.

SUMMARY

When various components of a display apparatus are formed, foreignsubstances may be generated and remain in a display area, which mayresult in the occurrence of defective light emission.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a displayapparatus in which the occurrence of defects in a manufacturing processmay be minimized or reduced.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, adisplay apparatus includes a substrate including a first edge, a secondedge disposed opposite to the first edge, and a third edge connectingthe first edge to the second edge. The display apparatus furtherincludes a wire extending along at least one of the first, second, andthird edges of the substrate and having an inner edge. The inner edgehas a first portion and a second portion. The first portion issubstantially parallel to the third edge, and the second portion extendsin a direction crossing the first portion and extends away from a centerof the substrate. The display apparatus further includes a firstinsulating layer covering a portion of the substrate. The portion of thesubstrate covered by the first insulating layer is closer to the centerof the substrate than the wire, the first insulating layer covers thefirst portion of the wire and a part of the second portion of the wire,and a first end of the first insulating layer is disposed on the wire.The display apparatus further includes a second insulating layercovering the first insulating layer and having a second end disposed onthe wire. A first distance between the first end and the second endcovering the first portion of the wire is different from a seconddistance between the first end and the second end covering the secondportion of the wire.

In an exemplary embodiment, a third distance between the first end ofthe first insulating layer and the second end of the second insulatinglayer in an outer area of the wire is about equal to the first distance.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second distance is greater than thefirst distance.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second distance is equal to or greaterthan about 5 μm.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second distance is equal to or greaterthan about 10 μm.

In an exemplary embodiment, a part of the first end of the firstinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a first curvature radius. Further, a part of the second end of thesecond insulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of thewire, and has a second curvature radius.

In an exemplary embodiment, a part of the first end of the firstinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a first straight line shape extending in a direction crossing thefirst edge and the third edge on the wire. Further, a part of the secondend of the second insulating layer is bent and crosses the secondportion of the wire, and has a second straight line shape extending inthe direction crossing the first edge and the third edge on the wire. Alength of the second straight line shape is greater than a length of thefirst straight line shape.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, adisplay apparatus includes a substrate including a first edge, a secondedge disposed opposite to the first edge, and a third edge connectingthe first edge to the second edge. The display apparatus furtherincludes a wire extending along at least one of the first, second, andthird edges of the substrate and having an inner edge. The inner edgehas a first portion and a second portion. The first portion issubstantially parallel to the third edge, and the second portion extendsin a direction crossing the first portion and extends away from a centerof the substrate. The display apparatus further includes a firstinsulating layer covering a portion of the substrate. The portion of thesubstrate covered by the first insulating layer is closer to the centerof the substrate than the wire, the first insulating layer covers thefirst portion of the wire and a part of the second portion of the wire,and a first end of the first insulating layer is disposed on the wire.The display apparatus further includes a second insulating layercovering the first insulating layer and having a second end disposed onthe wire. At least one of a first distance between the first end and thesecond end covering the first portion of the wire or a second distancebetween the first end and the second end covering the second portion ofthe wire alternates between a first value and a second value along thefirst or second portions of the wire. The first value and the secondvalue are different from each other.

In an exemplary embodiment, only one of the first distance and thesecond distance alternates between the first value and the second valuealong one of the first and second portions of the wire in a directiontoward the center of the substrate.

In an exemplary embodiment, the other one of the first distance and thesecond distance is constant along the other one of the first and secondportions of the wire in the direction toward the center of thesubstrate.

In an exemplary embodiment, the second distance alternates between thefirst value and the second value along the second portion of the wire inthe direction toward the center of the substrate.

In an exemplary embodiment, a third distance between the first end ofthe first insulating layer and the second end of the second insulatinglayer in an outer area of the wire is about equal to the first distance.

In an exemplary embodiment, a greater value between the first value andthe second value is greater than the other one of the first distance andthe second distance.

In an exemplary embodiment, a greater value between the first value andthe second value is equal to or greater than about 5 μm.

In an exemplary embodiment, a greater value between the first value andthe second value is equal to or greater than about 10 μm.

In an exemplary embodiment, a part of the first end of the firstinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a first curvature radius. Further, a part of the second end of thesecond insulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of thewire, and has a second curvature radius.

In an exemplary embodiment, a part of the first end of the firstinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a first straight line shape extending in a direction crossing thefirst edge and the third edge on the wire. Further, a part of the secondend of the second insulating layer is bent and crosses the secondportion of the wire, and has a second straight line shape extending inthe direction crossing the first edge and the third edge on the wire. Alength of the second straight line shape is greater than a length of thefirst straight line shape.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, adisplay apparatus includes a substrate including a first edge, a secondedge disposed opposite to the first edge, and a third edge connectingthe first edge to the second edge. The display apparatus furtherincludes a wire extending along at least one of the first, second, andthird edges of the substrate and having an inner edge. The inner edgehas a first portion and a second portion, the first portion issubstantially parallel to the third edge, and the second portion extendsin a direction crossing the first portion and extends away from a centerof the substrate. The display apparatus further includes a firstinsulating layer covering a portion of the substrate. The portion of thesubstrate covered by the first insulating layer is closer to the centerof the substrate than the wire, the first insulating layer partly coversthe wire, and a first end of the first insulating layer is disposed onthe wire.

In an exemplary embodiment, the display apparatus further includes asecond insulating layer covering the first insulating layer and having asecond end disposed on the wire. A part of the first end of the firstinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a first curvature radius. Further, a part of the second end of thesecond insulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of thewire, and has a second curvature radius.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other features of the present disclosure will become moreapparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a part of a display apparatus,according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an enlarged portion D of the displayapparatus of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 and line B-B′ of FIG. 2, according to anexemplary embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along lines B-B′ and C-C′ of FIG. 2, according to an exemplaryembodiment.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the portion D of FIG. 1,according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the portion D of FIG. 1, according toan exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of the portion D of FIG. 1, according toan exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of the portion D of FIG. 1, according toan exemplary embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 and line B-B′ of FIG. 2, according to anexemplary embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along lines B-B′ and C-C′ of FIG. 2, according to an exemplaryembodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 and line B-B′ of FIG. 2, according to anexemplary embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 and line B-B′ of FIG. 2, according to anexemplary embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described morefully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Likereference numerals may refer to like elements throughout theaccompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, in one or more exemplary embodiments, the X-axis, Y-axis,and Z-axis are not to be limited to the three axes of a rectangularcoordinate system, but may be interpreted in a broad meaning includingthree axes not substantially perpendicular to one another. Thus, theX-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis may be substantially perpendicular to eachother or may indicate different directions that are not substantiallyperpendicular to one another.

It will be understood that when a component, such as a film, a region, alayer, or an element, is referred to as being “on”, “connected to”,“coupled to”, or “adjacent to” another component, it can be directly on,connected, coupled, or adjacent to the other component, or interveningcomponents may be present. It will also be understood that when acomponent is referred to as being “between” two components, it can bethe only component between the two components, or one or moreintervening components may also be present. It will also be understoodthat when a component is referred to as “covering” over “overlapping”another component, it can be the only component covering or overlappingthe other component, or one or more intervening components may also becovering or overlapping the other component.

Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath”, “below”, “lower”, “under”,“above”, “upper”, etc., may be used herein for ease of description todescribe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) orfeature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that thespatially relative terms are intended to encompass differentorientations of the device in use or operation in addition to theorientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in thefigures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” or“under” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” theother elements or features. Thus, the exemplary terms “below” and“under” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. Inaddition, it will also be understood that when a layer is referred to asbeing “between” two layers, it can be the only layer between the twolayers, or one or more intervening layers may also be present.

It will be understood that the terms “first,” “second,” “third,” etc.are used herein to distinguish one element from another, and theelements are not limited by these terms. Thus, a “first” element in anexemplary embodiment may be described as a “second” element in anotherexemplary embodiment.

Herein, when two or more elements or values are described as beingsubstantially the same as or about equal to each other, it is to beunderstood that the elements or values are identical to each other,indistinguishable from each other, or distinguishable from each otherbut functionally the same as each other as would be understood by aperson having ordinary skill in the art. It will be further understoodthat when two components or directions are described as extendingsubstantially parallel or perpendicular to each other, the twocomponents or directions extend exactly parallel or perpendicular toeach other, or extend approximately parallel or perpendicular to eachother within a measurement error as would be understood by a personhaving ordinary skill in the art. Further, it is to be understood thatwhile parameters may be described herein as having “about” a certainvalue, according to exemplary embodiments, the parameter may be exactlythe certain value or approximately the certain value within ameasurement error as would be understood by a person having ordinaryskill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrating a part of a display apparatus,according to an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram ofan enlarged portion D of the display apparatus of FIG. 1, according toan exemplary embodiment.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, in an exemplary embodiment, a displayapparatus has a display area DA in which a plurality of pixels arearranged and a peripheral area PA disposed outside of the display areaDA. It will be understood that a substrate 100 (refer to FIG. 3)includes the display area DA and the peripheral area PA. The peripheralarea PA includes a pad area to which various electrical elementsincluding, for example, an integrated circuit (IC) or a printed circuitboard (PCB), are electrically connected. An electrode power supply lineVSS electrically connected to opposite electrodes 315 and 325 (refer toFIG. 3) extending from the display area DA to the peripheral area PA, apower supply line VDD extending to the display area DA, or the like mayalso be arranged in the peripheral area PA.

The substrate 100 may include various materials and may be flexible orbendable. For example, the substrate 100 may include polymer resins suchas polyether sulphone (PES), polyacrylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI),polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET),polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyarylate, polyimide (PI), polycarbonate(PC), or cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). Alternatively, thesubstrate 100 may be modified to have a multi-stack structure includingtwo layers and a barrier layer interposed between the two layers, thetwo layers including polymer resins and the barrier layer including aninorganic material (e.g., silicon oxide, silicon nitride, siliconoxynitride, or the like). However, the present disclosure is not limitedthereto. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the substrate 100 mayinclude glass.

Edges of the substrate 100 may have a shape similar to an overallrectangular shape or an overall square shape. That is, the edges of thesubstrate 100 may substantially form a rectangle or a square. In anexemplary embodiment, the substrate 100 includes a first edge E1 and asecond edge E2 facing each other, a third edge E3 connecting one end ofthe first edge E1 to one end of the second edge E2, and a fourth edge E4facing the third edge E3 and connecting the other end of the first edgeE1 to the other end of the second edge E2. FIG. 1 illustrates that thesubstrate 100 has an overall rectangular shape, however the presentdisclosure is not limited thereto. For example, in an exemplaryembodiment, the fourth edge E4 may have a shape that is bent a pluralityof times when seen in a plan view. In a completely manufactured displayapparatus, at least a portion of the substrate 100 may be bent.

FIG. 1 illustrates that the power supply lines VDD (in a −y direction)are connected to one another at ends of the power supply lines VDD, andthe electrode power supply line VSS extends along the first edge E1, thethird edge E3, and the second edge E2 of the substrate 100. In thisregard, an end of the electrode power supply line VSS may function as apad disposed on the substrate 100 that may be electrically connected toa component. With respect to the power supply lines VDD, an end ofconnections between the power supply lines VDD may function as a paddisposed on the substrate 100 that may be electrically connected to acomponent. In an exemplary embodiment, the pad area to which variouselectrical elements including an IC or a PCB are electrically connectedmay be arranged near the fourth edge E4 of the substrate 100.

In exemplary embodiments, the electrode power supply line VSS is a wirethat extends along at least one of the side ends of the substrate 100.For example, as described above, the electrode power supply line VSS mayextend along the first edge E1, the third edge E3, and the second edgeE2 of the substrate 100. A portion including both ends of the electrodepower supply line VSS may be arranged near the fourth edge E4, asillustrated in FIG. 1. Since the electrode power supply line VSS is awire having a width, the electrode power supply line VSS has an inneredge and an outer edge along its extension direction. For example, asillustrated in FIG. 2, the inner edge IE of the electrode power supplyline VSS has a first portion P1 and a second portion P2. The inner edgeIE refers to an edge that is adjacent to a center region of thesubstrate 100 with respect to an extension axis, which is crossing awidth direction, along which the electrode power supply line VSSextends. The extension axis may cross a width direction of the electrodepower supply line VSS. The first portion P1 of the inner edge IE issubstantially parallel to the third edge E3 of the substrate 100. Thesecond portion P2 of the inner edge IE refers to a portion that extendsin a direction (the −y direction) crossing the first portion P1, andthus extends away from a center of the substrate 100. As illustrated inFIG. 1, the power supply lines VDD are connected to one another at oneend, and the first portion P1 and the second portion P2 of the electrodepower supply line VSS may be arranged near the connections of the powersupply lines VDD (e.g., a lower portion (in the −y direction) of thesubstrate 100).

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 and line B-B′ of FIG. 2, according to anexemplary embodiment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the displayapparatus of FIG. 1 taken along lines B-B′ and C-C′ of FIG. 2, accordingto an exemplary embodiment. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustratingthe portion D of FIG. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of portions that are spacedapart from each other in FIG. 1 and are not adjacent to each other. FIG.3 illustrates a pixel PX1 and a pixel PX2. As illustrated in FIG. 3, thepixel PX1 and the pixel PX2 may not be adjacent pixels. Also, FIG. 3 isthe cross-sectional view of the portions that are spaced apart from eachother in FIG. 1. In an exemplary embodiment, cross-sections of theportions that are spaced apart from each other are not in the samedirection. That is, for convenience of illustration, line A-A′ of FIG. 1is shown as a straight line, however, in exemplary embodiments, lineA-A′ may be a curved line or a may be bent a plurality of times. In anycase, it is understood that FIG. 3 is the cross-sectional viewillustrating portions of the pixel PX1 and the pixel PX2 in the displayarea DA and a portion of the peripheral area PA.

As illustrated in FIG. 3, display devices 310 and 320 (also respectivelyreferred to as first and second display devices 310 and 320), andthin-film transistors 210 and 220 (also respectively referred to asfirst and second thin-film transistors 210 and 220) to which the displaydevices 310 and 320 are electrically connected, may be arranged in thedisplay area DA of the substrate 100. FIG. 3 illustrates that organiclight-emitting diodes as the display devices 310 and 320 are arranged inthe display area DA. That is, in an exemplary embodiment, the displaydevices 310 and 320 may be organic-light emitting diodes. As the displaydevices 310 and 320 are electrically respectively connected to thethin-film transistors 210 and 220, pixel electrodes 311 and 321 arerespectively electrically connected to the thin-film transistors 210 and220.

FIG. 3 illustrates that the first thin-film transistor 210 is arrangedin the pixel PX1, the second thin-film transistor 220 is arranged in thepixel PX2, the first display device 310 is electrically connected to thefirst thin-film transistor 210, and the second display device 320 iselectrically connected to the second thin-film transistor 220.Hereinafter, for convenience of description, the first thin-filmtransistor 210 and the first display device 310 will now be described,and it is to be understood that the descriptions thereof may also beapplied to the second thin-film transistor 220 and the second displaydevice 320. That is, for convenience of explanation, descriptionsrelating to a second semiconductor layer 221, a second gate electrode223, a second source electrode 225 a, and a second drain electrode 225 bof the second thin-film transistor 220, and descriptions relating to thesecond pixel electrode 321, the opposite electrode 325, and anintermediate layer 323 of the second display device 320, are omitted.The opposite electrode 325 of the second display device 320 may beintegrated with the opposite electrode 315 of the first display device310.

The first thin-film transistor 210 may include a first semiconductorlayer 211 including, for example, amorphous silicon, polysilicon, or anorganic semiconductor material, a first gate electrode 213, a firstsource electrode 215 a, and a first drain electrode 215 b. To ensureinsulation between the first semiconductor layer 211 and the first gateelectrode 213, a first gate insulating layer 121 including an inorganicmaterial such as, for example, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/orsilicon oxynitride may be interposed between the first semiconductorlayer 211 and the first gate electrode 213. In addition, an interlayerinsulating layer 131 including an inorganic material such as, forexample, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/or silicon oxynitride maybe arranged on the first gate electrode 213, and the first sourceelectrode 215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b may be arranged onthe interlayer insulating layer 131. The first gate insulating layer 121and the interlayer insulating layer 131 including the inorganic materialmay be formed by using, for example, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD)process or an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. The same is appliedto exemplary embodiments to be described below.

The first gate electrode 213, the first source electrode 215 a, and thefirst drain electrode 215 b may include various conductive materials.For example, the first gate electrode 213 may include molybdenum oraluminum, and may have a multi-stack structure. For example, the firstgate electrode 213 may have a triple-layer structure including amolybdenum layer, an aluminum layer, and a molybdenum layer. The firstsource electrode 215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b may includetitanium or aluminum, and may have a multi-stack structure. For example,the first source electrode 215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b mayeach have a triple-layer structure including a titanium layer, analuminum layer, and a titanium layer. However, the present disclosure isnot limited thereto.

A buffer layer 110 including an inorganic material such as, for example,silicon oxide, silicon nitride and/or silicon oxynitride may beinterposed between the first thin-film transistor 210 and the substrate100. The buffer layer 110 may be configured to improve planarization ofa top surface of the substrate 100, or to prevent or minimizepenetration of impurities from the substrate 100 into the firstsemiconductor layer 211 of the first thin-film transistor 210.

As described above, the electrode power supply line VSS is arranged inthe peripheral area PA of the substrate 100. In this regard, theelectrode power supply line VSS may include the same material as thefirst source electrode 215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b in thedisplay area DA, and may be arranged on the same layer as the firstsource electrode 215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b. That is,during a manufacturing process, the electrode power supply line VSS maybe formed from the same material layer as the first source electrode 215a and the first drain electrode 215 b at the same time. Accordingly, theelectrode power supply line VSS may have the same layered structure asthe first source electrode 215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b.

A first insulating layer 140 that is a planarization layer may bearranged over the first thin-film transistor 210. For example, asillustrated in FIG. 3, when an organic light-emitting diode is arrangedover the first thin-film transistor 210, the first insulating layer 140may generally planarize a top surface of a protective layer covering thefirst thin-film transistor 210. The first insulating layer 140 mayinclude an organic material such as, for example, acryl,benzocyclobutene (BCB), hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), or the like. FIG.3 illustrates that the first insulating layer 140 has a single-layerstructure, however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Forexample, in an exemplary embodiment, the first insulating layer 140 maybe variously modified, and thus may have a multi-stack structure.

In addition to being arranged in the display area DA, the firstinsulating layer 140 may also be arranged in the peripheral area PA.That is, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, in an exemplary embodiment, thefirst insulating layer 140 covers a portion of the electrode powersupply line VSS and covers a portion of the substrate 100.

For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the first insulating layer 140covers a portion of the substrate 100 that is closer to the center ofthe substrate 100 than the electrode power supply line VSS. This isshown, for example, by viewing FIGS. 1 to 4 in conjunction with oneanother. For example, referring to line B-B′ in FIGS. 2 and 4, it can beseen that when viewing the first insulating layer 140 as it extends inthe x-direction, the first insulating layer 140 covers a portion of thesubstrate 100, then covers a portion of the electrode power supply lineVSS, and then terminates at the first end EP1. Thus, the portion of thesubstrate 100 that is covered by the first insulating layer 140 iscloser to the center of the substrate 100 than the electrode powersupply line VSS in the x-direction. That is, the first insulating layer140 covers a portion of the substrate 100 that is closer to the centerof the substrate 100 than the electrode power supply line VSS in thex-direction. Stated another way, relative to the center of the substrate100 in the x-direction, the portion of the substrate 100 that is coveredby the first insulating layer 140 is closer than the electrode powersupply line VSS.

In addition, referring to line C-C′ in FIGS. 2 and 4, it can be seenthat when viewing the first insulating layer 140 as it extends in they-direction, the first insulating layer 140 covers a portion of thesubstrate 100, then covers a portion of the electrode power supply lineVSS, and then terminates at the first end EP1. Thus, the portion of thesubstrate 100 that is covered by the first insulating layer 140 iscloser to the center of the substrate 100 than the electrode powersupply line VSS in the y-direction. That is, the first insulating layer140 covers a portion of the substrate 100 that is closer to the centerof the substrate 100 than the electrode power supply line VSS in they-direction. Stated another way, relative to the center of the substrate100 in the y-direction, the portion of the substrate 100 that is coveredby the first insulating layer 140 is closer than the electrode powersupply line VSS.

In addition, as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 4, the first insulating layer140 covers a part of the second portion P2 and the first portion P1 ofthe electrode power supply line VSS. Thus, the first insulating layer140 partly covers the electrode power supply line VSS, and the firstinsulating layer 140 has a first end EP1 disposed on the electrode powersupply line VSS.

The first display device 310 may be arranged on the first insulatinglayer 140 in the display area DA. The first display device 310 may be,for example, an organic light-emitting diode including the first pixelelectrode 311, the opposite electrode 315, and an intermediate layer 313interposed therebetween and including an emission layer. As illustratedin FIG. 3, the first pixel electrode 311 (hereinafter also referred toas the pixel electrode 311) contacts one of the first source electrode215 a and the first drain electrode 215 b via an opening formed in thefirst insulating layer 140, and thus is electrically connected to thefirst thin-film transistor 210. The pixel electrode 311 may include, forexample, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium(III)oxide (In₂O₃), or the like. In exemplary embodiments, the pixelelectrode 311 may include a material different from ITO, IZO, In₂O₃, orthe like. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the pixel electrode311 may include metal such as aluminum, copper, or the like.

A second insulating layer 150 that may function as a pixel-defininglayer may be arranged over the first insulating layer 140. The secondinsulating layer 150 may be configured to define a pixel by havingrespective openings corresponding to sub-pixels, for example, by havingan opening for exposing at least a center portion of the pixel electrode311. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the second insulating layer 150 may alsobe configured to prevent occurrence of an arc at edges of the pixelelectrode 311 by increasing a distance between the edges of the pixelelectrode 311 and the opposite electrode 315 over the pixel electrode311. The second insulating layer 150 may include an organic materialsuch as, for example, hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) or the like.

As illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, the second insulating layer 150 may alsobe present in the peripheral area PA of the substrate 100. In this case,the second insulating layer 150 covers the first insulating layer 140that is the planarization layer, and has a second end EP2 on theelectrode power supply line VSS that is the wire. In this regard, afirst distance dl between the first end EP1 and the second end EP2covering the first portion P1 of the electrode power supply line VSS isdifferent from a second distance d2 between the first end EP1 and thesecond end EP2 covering the second portion P2 of the electrode powersupply line VSS. Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, the second distance d2 isgreater than the first distance d1.

The intermediate layer 313 of the organic light-emitting diode mayinclude a small-molecule or polymer material. When the intermediatelayer 313 includes a small-molecule material, the intermediate layer 313may have a structure in which a hole injection layer (HIL), a holetransport layer (HTL), the emission layer, an electron transport layer(ETL), an electron injection layer (EIL), and the like are singularly ormultiply stacked, and may be formed using, for example, a vacuumdeposition method. When the intermediate layer 313 includes a polymermaterial, the intermediate layer 313 may have a structure including theHTL and the emission layer. In this regard, the HTL may includepoly-(2,4)-ethylene-dihydroxy thiophene (PEDOT), and the emission layermay include poly-phenylene vinylene (PPV)-based polymer materials,polyfluorene-based polymer materials, and the like. The intermediatelayer 313 may be formed by using, for example, a screen printing method,an inkjet printing method, a laser induced thermal imaging (LITI)method, or the like. The intermediate layer 313 is not limited theretoand thus may have various structures. The intermediate layer 313 mayinclude one layer extending over a plurality of the pixel electrodes 311and 321, or may include a layer that is patterned to correspond to eachof the plurality of pixel electrodes 311 and 321.

The opposite electrode 315 may be provided over the display area DA, andmay cover the display area DA. That is, the opposite electrode 315 maybe formed as one body extending over the organic light-emitting diodes,and thus may correspond to the plurality of pixel electrodes 311 and321. The opposite electrode 315 extends to the peripheral area PA, andthus, as illustrated in FIG. 3, may be electrically connected to theelectrode power supply line VSS in the peripheral area PA. FIG. 3illustrates that the opposite electrode 315 directly contacts theelectrode power supply line VSS, however, the present disclosure is notlimited thereto. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, an electrodelayer including the same material as the first pixel electrode 311 maybe interposed between the electrode power supply line VSS and theopposite electrode 315.

In the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment,occurrence of defects in the display area DA due to impurities createdin a manufacturing process may be efficiently prevented. The displayapparatus according to an exemplary embodiment has a various layeredstructure, and thus, impurities such as particles may remain during aprocess of forming and patterning layers in the manufacturing process.Thus, a process of removing the impurities may be performed. The processof removing the impurities may include, for example, spraying air ontothe impurities. Air spraying is performed using an air gun or the like.In an exemplary embodiment, the air gun does not perpendicularly sprayair, but rather, may spray air onto the substrate 100 at a preset angle.For example, referring to FIG. 1, the air gun may spray air onto thesubstrate 100 at an angle of about 45 degrees in a direction of aresultant vector of a sum of an −x direction vector and a −z directionvector.

The air spraying is performed even after the second insulating layer 150having a preset shape (pattern) is formed. At this time, because air issprayed at high pressure, a portion of the second insulating layer 150may be chipped off. When adhesion between the second insulating layer150 including an organic material and the electrode power supply lineVSS is weak, a part of an end of the second insulating layer 150 (theend directly contacting the electrode power supply line VSS) may bechipped off. When the air gun sprays air onto the substrate 100 in thedirection of the resultant vector of the sum of the −x direction vectorand the −z direction vector, a part of the second end EP2 of the secondinsulating layer 150 (the second end EP2 covering, by extending in a ydirection, the second portion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS)may be chipped off. This is because air is sprayed vertically onto thepart of the second end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 (thesecond end EP2 covering, by extending in a y direction, the secondportion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS). In this case, thepart chipped off from the second insulating layer 150 may become aparticle, and thus may remain in the display area DA. In this case, theparticle may cause defects in a process of forming the pixel electrodes311 and 321, the intermediate layers 313 and 323, and the oppositeelectrodes 315 and 325.

However, in the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment,as described above, the second distance d2 between the first end EP1 andthe second end EP2 covering the second portion P2 of the electrode powersupply line VSS is set to be greater than the first distance dl betweenthe first end EP1 and the second end EP2 covering the first portion P1of the electrode power supply line VSS. As a result, a contact areabetween the second insulating layer 150 and the electrode power supplyline VSS, the contact area being close to the second end EP2 of thesecond insulating layer 150 which covers the second portion P2 of theelectrode power supply line VSS, may be increased. As a result, the partof the second insulating layer 150 may be efficiently prevented frombeing chipped off from the electrode power supply line VSS. In an areanear the second end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 which coversthe first portion P1 of the electrode power supply line VSS, a directionin which the air gun sprays air is substantially parallel to a direction(a −x direction) in which the second end EP2 is extended in the area. Asa result, damage due to the air gun does not occur. Thus, in anexemplary embodiment, it is not necessary to increase the first distancedl between the first end EP1 and the second end EP2 covering the firstportion P1 of the electrode power supply line VSS.

In an exemplary embodiment, the air gun does not spray air onto thesubstrate 100 in the direction of the resultant vector of the sum of the−x direction vector and the −z direction vector, but rather, may sprayair onto the substrate 100 in a direction of a resultant vector of a sumof a +y direction vector and the −z direction vector. In this case,since the first distance d1 is greater than the second distance d2, thepart of the second insulating layer 150 may be efficiently preventedfrom being chipped off in the area near the second end EP2 of the secondinsulating layer 150 which covers the first portion P1 of the electrodepower supply line VSS. That is, the first distance d1 between the firstend EP1 and the second end EP2 covering the first portion P1 of theelectrode power supply line VSS is set to be different from the seconddistance d2 between the first end EP1 and the second end EP2 coveringthe second portion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS, and thegreater one of the first distance d1 and the second distance d2 is setaccording to a direction of the air gun in the manufacturing process. Asa result, occurrence of defects during the manufacturing process may beminimized or reduced.

As illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, as confirmed via testing, when thesecond distance d2 is set to be equal to or greater than about 5 μm, thepart of the second insulating layer 150 may be prevented from beingchipped off and causing defects. For example, according to an exemplaryembodiment, when the second distance d2 is set to be equal to or greaterthan about 10 μm, it is confirmed that the second insulating layer 150is not chipped off. However, the second distance d2 cannot be increasedwithout limit, and in consideration of positions of other elements, thesecond distance d2 may be less than about 20 μm according to exemplaryembodiments.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, the first insulating layer 140 and the secondinsulating layer 150 are arranged in an area outside of the electrodepower supply line VSS. In this regard, a third distance d3 between thefirst end EP1 of the first insulating layer 140 and the second end EP2of the second insulating layer 150 may be defined in the area outside ofthe electrode power supply line VSS, and the third distance d3 may beabout equal to the first distance dl. This is because a direction (the−x direction) in which the end of the second insulating layer 150extends outside of the electrode power supply line VSS (e.g., on thepower supply line VDD), is about equal to a direction (the −x direction)in which the second end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 extendson the electrode power supply line VSS.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of the portion D of FIG. 1, according toan exemplary embodiment. The display apparatus according to theexemplary embodiment of FIG. 6 is different from the display apparatusaccording to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 in relation between afirst curvature radius 140R of the first insulating layer 140 and asecond curvature radius 150R of the second insulating layer 150. Forexample, in the display apparatus according to the exemplary embodimentof FIG. 6, a part of the first end EP1 of the first insulating layer 140on the electrode power supply line VSS (the part being bent to cross thesecond portion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS) has the firstcurvature radius 140R, and a part of the second end EP2 of the secondinsulating layer 150 on the electrode power supply line VSS (the partbeing bent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrode power supplyline VSS) has the second curvature radius 150R. In this regard, a valueof the second curvature radius 150R may be set to be greater than avalue of the first curvature radius 140R.

After the second insulating layer 150 having the aforementioned presetshape is formed, air is sprayed using an air gun or the like. When theair gun sprays air onto the substrate 100 in a direction of a resultantvector of a sum of a −x direction vector and a −z direction vector, orin a direction of a sum of a resultant vector of a sum of a +y directionvector and the −z direction vector, a part of the second insulatinglayer 150 to which a greatest pressure is applied is a part of thesecond end EP2 on the electrode power supply line VSS (the part beingbent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrode power supply lineVSS). This is because the part has a projected shape according to theshape of the second insulating layer 150. Thus, as the part has acurvature rather than having a shape of about 90 degrees, the part maybe efficiently prevented from being chipped off in the manufacturingprocess. For example, when a curvature radius is increased, aprobability of damage due to a pressure of applied air is decreased.Therefore, a value of the second curvature radius 150R of the secondinsulating layer 150 may be set to be greater than a value of the firstcurvature radius 140R of the first insulating layer 140 in an exemplaryembodiment.

However, the present disclosure is not limited to the shape illustratedin FIG. 6. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, which is a conceptualdiagram of the portion D of FIG. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment,a part of the first end EP1 of the first insulating layer 140 on theelectrode power supply line VSS (the part being bent to cross the secondportion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS) may have a firststraight line shape 140SL extending in a direction crossing the firstedge E1 (refer to FIG. 1) and the third edge E3 (refer to FIG. 1) on theelectrode power supply line VSS.

In the second insulating layer 150, a part of the second end EP2 of thesecond insulating layer 150 on the electrode power supply line VSS (thepart being bent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrode powersupply line VSS) may have a second straight line shape 150SL extendingin a direction crossing the first edge E1 and the third edge E3 on theelectrode power supply line VSS. In this regard, since a length of thesecond straight line shape 150SL is greater than a length of the firststraight line shape 140SL, the same or a similar effect as thatdescribed above with reference to FIG. 6 may be obtained.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of the portion D of FIG. 1, according toan exemplary embodiment. The display apparatus according to theexemplary embodiment of FIG. 8 is different from the display apparatusdescribed with reference to FIG. 5 in that the display apparatusaccording to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8 has a different shapewith respect to the second insulating layer 150.

The display apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8includes the first insulating layer 140 and the second insulating layer150. As described above with reference to FIG. 5, the first insulatinglayer 140 covers a portion of the substrate 100. For example, the firstinsulating layer 140 covers a portion of the substrate 100 that iscloser to the center of the substrate 100 than the electrode powersupply line VSS, and also covers a portion of the electrode power supplyline VSS. In this regard, the first insulating layer 140 covers thefirst portion P1 and a portion of the second end EP2 of the electrodepower supply line VSS. The first end EP1 is disposed on the electrodepower supply line VSS. The second insulating layer 150 that covers thefirst insulating layer 140 includes the second end EP2, which isdisposed on the electrode power supply line VSS.

In this regard, at least one of a first distance dl between the firstend EP1 and the second end EP2 covering the first portion P1 of theelectrode power supply line VSS, and a second distance d2 between thefirst end EP1 and the second end EP2 covering the second portion P2 ofthe electrode power supply line VSS, alternates between a first valueand a second value at an end of the electrode power supply line VSS in acenter direction of the substrate 100, in which the first value and thesecond value are different from each other. FIG. 8 illustrates that thesecond distance d2 alternates between a first value d21 and a secondvalue d22 that are different from each other along the second portion P2of the electrode power supply line VSS in the center direction of thesubstrate 100.

As described above with reference to FIG. 5, when the second insulatinglayer 150 having the aforementioned preset shape is formed and then airis sprayed using an air gun or the like, a portion of the secondinsulating layer 150 may be chipped off. However, in the displayapparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8, as describedabove, the second distance d2 between the first end EP1 and the secondend EP2 covering the second portion P2 of the electrode power supplyline VSS alternates between the first value d21 and the second value d22that are different from each other along the second portion P2 of theelectrode power supply line VSS in the center direction of the substrate100. Accordingly, a length of the second end EP2 of the secondinsulating layer 150 that covers the second portion P2 of the electrodepower supply line VSS is increased, and thus, adhesion between an areanear the second end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 and theelectrode power supply line VSS may be improved. For example, the secondvalue d22 that is greater than the first value d21 and covers the firstportion P1 of the electrode power supply line VSS is set to be greaterthan the first distance dl between the first end EP1 and the second endEP2. Therefore, the portion of the second insulating layer 150 may beefficiently prevented from being chipped off during air spraying. Thefirst value d21 that is less than the second value d22 may be equal tothe first distance d1 between the first end EP1 and the second end EP2covering the first portion P1 of the electrode power supply line VSS.

A greater value between the first value d21 and the second value d22 maybe set to be equal to or less than about 5 μm. As a result, the part ofthe second insulating layer 150 may be efficiently prevented from beingchipped off and causing defects. For example, when the greater valuebetween the first value d21 and the second value d22 is set to be equalto or greater than about 10 μm, testing confirms that the secondinsulating layer 150 is not chipped off. However, the greater valuebetween the first value d21 and the second value d22 cannot be increasedwithout limit, and in consideration of positions of other elements, thegreater value may be less than about 20 μm according to exemplaryembodiments.

The air gun may not spray air onto the substrate 100 in the direction ofthe resultant vector of the sum of the −x direction vector and the −zdirection vector, but rather, may spray air onto the substrate 100 inthe direction of the resultant vector of the sum of the +y directionvector and the −z direction vector. In this case, unlike what isillustrated in FIG. 8, the first distance d1 may alternate between afirst value and a second value along the first portion P1 of theelectrode power supply line VSS in the center direction of the substrate100, in which the first value and the second value are different fromeach other. In this case, the second distance d2 may be constant alongthe second portion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS in thecenter direction of the substrate 100.

However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, inan exemplary embodiment, the second distance d2 alternates between thefirst value d21 and the second value d22 that are different from eachother along the second portion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSSin the center direction of the substrate 100, as illustrated in FIG. 8.The first distance d1 also alternates between a third value and a fourthvalue that are different from each other along the first portion P1 ofthe electrode power supply line VSS in the center direction of thesubstrate 100. In this regard, the third value may be equal to the firstvalue d21, and the fourth value may be equal to the second value d22.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the first insulating layer 140 and the secondinsulating layer 150 are arranged in an area outside of the electrodepower supply line VSS. In this regard, a third distance d3 between theend of the first insulating layer 140 and the end of the secondinsulating layer 150 may be defined outside of the electrode powersupply line VSS, and the third distance d3 may be equal to theaforementioned first distance d1. This is because a direction (the −xdirection) in which the end of the second insulating layer 150 extendsoutside of the electrode power supply line VSS, e.g., on the powersupply line VDD, is equal to a direction (the −x direction) in which thesecond end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 extends on theelectrode power supply line VSS.

FIG. 8 illustrates that a part of the second end EP2 of the secondinsulating layer 150 on the electrode power supply line VSS (the partbeing bent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrode power supplyline VSS) is bent with an angle of about 90 degrees. However, thepresent disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a structuredescribed above with reference to FIG. 6 may be applied to a structureillustrated in FIG. 8.

That is, in the structure illustrated in FIG. 8, as described above withreference to FIG. 6, the part of the first end EP1 of the firstinsulating layer 140 on the electrode power supply line VSS (the partbeing bent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrode power supplyline VSS) may have the first curvature radius 140R, the part of thesecond end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 on the electrode powersupply line VSS (the part being bent to cross the second portion P2 ofthe electrode power supply line VSS) may have the second curvatureradius 150R, and a value of the second curvature radius 150R may be setto be greater than a value of the first curvature radius 140R.

Alternatively, in the structure illustrated in FIG. 8, as describedabove with reference to FIG. 7, the part of the first end EP1 of thefirst insulating layer 140 on the electrode power supply line VSS (thepart being bent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrode powersupply line VSS) may have the first straight line shape 140SL extendingin the direction crossing the first edge E1 (refer to FIG. 1) and thethird edge E3 (refer to FIG. 1) on the electrode power supply line VSS.In the second insulating layer 150, the part of the second end EP2 ofthe second insulating layer 150 on the electrode power supply line VSS(the part being bent to cross the second portion P2 of the electrodepower supply line VSS) may have the second straight line shape 150SLextending in the direction crossing the first edge E1 and the third edgeE3 on the electrode power supply line VSS. In this regard, as a resultof a length of the second straight line shape 150SL being greater than alength of the first straight line shape 140SL, an effect that is thesame as or similar to that achieved with respect to FIG. 8 may beachieved by modifying the structure illustrated in FIG. 8 with referenceto FIG. 6.

In the above, a case in which the first gate electrode 213 of the firstthin-film transistor 210, and the second gate electrode 223 of thesecond thin-film transistor 220 are provided on a same layer has beendescribed. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

For example, as illustrated in FIG. 9, which is a cross-sectional viewof the display apparatus of FIG. 1 taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 andline B-B′ of FIG. 2 according to an exemplary embodiment, and FIG. 10,which corresponds to FIG. 9 and is a cross-sectional view of the displayapparatus of FIG. 1 taken along lines B-B′ and C-C′ of FIG. 2 accordingto an exemplary embodiment, a second gate insulating layer 122 coveringthe first gate electrode 213 of the first thin-film transistor 210 isfurther provided in addition to the first gate insulating layer 121, andthe second gate electrode 223 of the second thin-film transistor 220 maybe provided on the second gate insulating layer 122.

For example, the first gate electrode 213 and the second gate electrode223 may be arranged on different layers. The first source electrode 215a, the first drain electrode 215 b, the second source electrode 225 a,and the second drain electrode 225 b are arranged on the interlayerinsulating layer 131 covering the second gate electrode 223. The secondgate insulating layer 122 may include an inorganic material such as, forexample, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and/or silicon oxynitride. Inthis case, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the electrode power supply line VSSmay be arranged on the electrode power supply line VSS. The electrodepower supply line VSS may be formed from the same material layer as thesecond gate electrode 223 at the same time that the second gateelectrode 223 is formed.

It is to be understood that the descriptions of the display apparatusesaccording to the exemplary embodiments described above with reference toFIGS. 5 to 8 may be applied to the display apparatus according to theexemplary embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10. That is, descriptions of theshapes of the first insulating layer 140 and the second insulating layer150 in the exemplary embodiments described above with reference to FIGS.5 to 8 may be applied to the display apparatus according to theexemplary embodiment of FIGS. 9 and 10. For example, the first distancedl between the first end EP1 and the second end EP2 covering the firstportion P1 of the electrode power supply line VSS may be different fromthe second distance d2 between the first end EP1 and the second end EP2covering the second portion P2 of the electrode power supply line VSS.

To obtain this configuration, the interlayer insulating layer 131exposes the electrode power supply line VSS by having a third end EP3 onthe electrode power supply line VSS that is the wire, and the firstinsulating layer 140 and the second insulating layer 150, which coverthe interlayer insulating layer 131, contact the electrode power supplyline VSS. In this regard, a portion of the interlayer insulating layer131 which is arranged in the display area DA may be physically spacedapart from a portion of the interlayer insulating layer 131 which isarranged in the peripheral area PA. Accordingly, FIG. 10 illustratesthat the interlayer insulating layer 131 covers a gap between theelectrode power supply line VSS and the power supply line VDD in portionC-C′, and has respective ends on the electrode power supply line VSS andthe power supply line VDD.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the display apparatus of FIG. 1taken along line A-A′ of FIG. 1 and line B-B′ of FIG. 2, according to anexemplary embodiment. In the above, a case in which the second end EP2of the second insulating layer 150 on the electrode power supply lineVSS contacts the electrode power supply line VSS has been described,however, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, asillustrated in FIG. 11, in an exemplary embodiment, the second end EP2of the second insulating layer 150 disposed over the electrode powersupply line VSS may be disposed on the first insulating layer 140. Sinceboth the second insulating layer 150 and the first insulating layer 140include organic materials, adhesion between the first insulating layer140 and the second insulating layer 150 is high. Thus, even when air isapplied thereto by using an air gun, the second end EP2 of the secondinsulating layer 150 may be efficiently prevented from being chippedoff.

FIG. 11 illustrates a modified exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3, but asillustrated in FIG. 12, which is a modified exemplary embodiment of FIG.9, the second end EP2 of the second insulating layer 150 disposed overthe electrode power supply line VSS may be modified to be on the firstinsulating layer 140.

According to the exemplary embodiments described above, a displayapparatus in which occurrence of defects in the manufacturing process isminimized or reduced is implemented. However, the scope of the presentdisclosure is not limited to the aforementioned effects.

It is to be understood that, when applicable, features or aspectsdescribed with reference to each exemplary embodiment should typicallybe considered as available for other similar features or aspects inother exemplary embodiments, as would be understood by one havingordinary skill in the art.

While the present disclosure has been particularly described withreference to the exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood bythose of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form anddetail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scopeof the present disclosure as defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A display apparatus, comprising: a substratecomprising a first edge, a second edge disposed opposite to the firstedge, and a third edge connecting the first edge to the second edge; awire extending along at least one of the first, second, and third edgesof the substrate and having an inner edge, wherein the inner edge has afirst portion and a second portion, the first portion is substantiallyparallel to the third edge, and the second portion extends in adirection crossing the first portion and extends away from a center ofthe substrate; a first insulating layer covering a portion of thesubstrate, wherein the portion of the substrate covered by the firstinsulating layer is closer to the center of the substrate than the wire,the first insulating layer covers the first portion of the wire and apart of the second portion of the wire, and a first end of the firstinsulating layer is disposed on the wire; and a second insulating layercovering the first insulating layer and having a second end disposed onthe wire, wherein a first distance between the first end and the secondend covering the first portion of the wire is different from a seconddistance between the first end and the second end covering the secondportion of the wire.
 2. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein athird distance between the first end of the first insulating layer andthe second end of the second insulating layer in an outer area of thewire is about equal to the first distance.
 3. The display apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein the second distance is greater than the first distance.4. The display apparatus of claim 3, wherein the second distance isequal to or greater than about 5 μm.
 5. The display apparatus of claim3, wherein the second distance is equal to or greater than about 10 μm.6. The display apparatus of claim 1, wherein a part of the first end ofthe first insulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of thewire, and has a first curvature radius, and a part of the second end ofthe second insulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion ofthe wire, and has a second curvature radius.
 7. The display apparatus ofclaim 1, wherein a part of the first end of the first insulating layeris bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, and has a firststraight line shape extending in a direction crossing the first edge andthe third edge on the wire, and a part of the second end of the secondinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a second straight line shape extending in the direction crossing thefirst edge and the third edge on the wire, wherein a length of thesecond straight line shape is greater than a length of the firststraight line shape.
 8. A display apparatus, comprising: a substratecomprising a first edge, a second edge disposed opposite to the firstedge, and a third edge connecting the first edge to the second edge; awire extending along at least one of the first, second, and third edgesof the substrate and having an inner edge, wherein the inner edge has afirst portion and a second portion, the first portion is substantiallyparallel to the third edge, and the second portion extends in adirection crossing the first portion and extends away from a center ofthe substrate; a first insulating layer covering a portion of thesubstrate, wherein the portion of the substrate covered by the firstinsulating layer is closer to the center of the substrate than the wire,the first insulating layer covers the first portion of the wire and apart of the second portion of the wire, and a first end of the firstinsulating layer is disposed on the wire; and a second insulating layercovering the first insulating layer and having a second end disposed onthe wire, wherein at least one of a first distance between the first endand the second end covering the first portion of the wire or a seconddistance between the first end and the second end covering the secondportion of the wire alternates between a first value and a second valuealong the first or second portions of the wire, wherein the first valueand the second value are different from each other.
 9. The displayapparatus of claim 8, wherein only one of the first distance and thesecond distance alternates between the first value and the second valuealong one of the first and second portions of the wire in a directiontoward the center of the substrate.
 10. The display apparatus of claim9, wherein the other one of the first distance and the second distanceis constant along the other one of the first and second portions of thewire in the direction toward the center of the substrate.
 11. Thedisplay apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second distance alternatesbetween the first value and the second value along the second portion ofthe wire in the direction toward the center of the substrate.
 12. Thedisplay apparatus of claim 11, wherein a third distance between thefirst end of the first insulating layer and the second end of the secondinsulating layer in an outer area of the wire is about equal to thefirst distance.
 13. The display apparatus of claim 9, wherein a greatervalue between the first value and the second value is greater than theother one of the first distance and the second distance.
 14. The displayapparatus of claim 13, wherein a smaller value between the first valueand the second value is about equal to the other one of the firstdistance and the second distance.
 15. The display apparatus of claim 8,wherein a greater value between the first value and the second value isequal to or greater than about 5 μm.
 16. The display apparatus of claim8, wherein a greater value between the first value and the second valueis equal to or greater than about 10 μm.
 17. The display apparatus ofclaim 8, wherein a part of the first end of the first insulating layeris bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, and has a firstcurvature radius, and a part of the second end of the second insulatinglayer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, and has asecond curvature radius.
 18. The display apparatus of claim 8, wherein apart of the first end of the first insulating layer is bent and crossesthe second portion of the wire, and has a first straight line shapeextending in a direction crossing the first edge and the third edge onthe wire, and a part of the second end of the second insulating layer isbent and crosses the second portion of the wire, and has a secondstraight line shape extending in the direction crossing the first edgeand the third edge on the wire, wherein a length of the second straightline shape is greater than a length of the first straight line shape.19. A display apparatus, comprising: a substrate comprising a firstedge, a second edge disposed opposite to the first edge, and a thirdedge connecting the first edge to the second edge; a wire extendingalong at least one of the first, second, and third edges of thesubstrate and having an inner edge, wherein the inner edge has a firstportion and a second portion, the first portion is substantiallyparallel to the third edge, and the second portion extends in adirection crossing the first portion and extends away from a center ofthe substrate; and a first insulating layer covering a portion of thesubstrate, wherein the portion of the substrate covered by the firstinsulating layer is closer to the center of the substrate than the wire,the first insulating layer partly covers the wire, and a first end ofthe first insulating layer is disposed on the wire.
 20. The displayapparatus of claim 19, further comprising: a second insulating layercovering the first insulating layer and having a second end disposed onthe wire, wherein a part of the first end of the first insulating layeris bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, and has a firstcurvature radius, wherein a part of the second end of the secondinsulating layer is bent and crosses the second portion of the wire, andhas a second curvature radius.